Packet #989469

Database ID:	989469
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x051420c2` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-30 04:59:59 UTC
From Node:	G Hawk Mountain (MtHk)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	SPHTMF 1b78 (👹)
Channel:	MediumFast
RSSI:	-113 dBm
SNR:	-12.25 dBm
Hop Info:	4/5 hops Start: 5, Limit: 1
Relay Node:	`1e` 🐀 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	G Hawk Mountain
Short Name:	MtHk
Node ID:	!240b9d17
MAC Address:	x28kC50X
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	82 bytes
Gateway:	!69851b78
Channel:	MediumFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	4 / 5

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!69851b78` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`MediumFast`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (82 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`604740887` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`82` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`5` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`4` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-113.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-12.25` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1774846797` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`30` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1774846799.0872447` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (4 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!69851b78`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -113.0 dBm SNR: -12.25 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	82 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!240b9d17", "long_name": "G Hawk Mountain", "short_name": "MtHk", "macaddr": "x28kC50X", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!69851b78", "channel_id": "MediumFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 604740887, "to": 4294967295, "id": 85205186, "rx_time": 1774846797, "rx_snr": -12.25, "rx_rssi": -113, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 5, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 30, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09213234306239643137120f47204861776b204d6f756e7461696e1a044d74486b2206c76f240b9d172809380b4220b454db7ef4b8d622442f78a4cfb621d6f4685ae019192917b1cd6774ded0f50d4801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!240b9d17", "long_name": "G Hawk Mountain", "short_name": "MtHk", "macaddr": "x28kC50X", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "role": "ROUTER_LATE", "public_key": "tFTbfvS41iJEL3ikz7Yh1vRoWuAZGSkXsc1ndN7Q9Q0=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (82 bytes)

0a09213234306239643137120f47204861776b204d6f756e7461696e1a044d74486b2206c76f240b9d172809380b4220b454db7ef4b8d622442f78a4cfb621d6f4685ae019192917b1cd6774ded0f50d4801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	82 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #989469 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: